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gcrowder2
Joined: 09 Jan 2006 Posts: 136 Location: Golden, Colorado USA
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Posted: Tue Jun 05, 2007 2:59 pm Post subject: What's up with the cost of 914? |
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Sounds identical to my numbers!
Glenn
Quote: | Date: Tue, 5 Jun 2007 23:54:46 +0100
From: grahamsingleton(at)btinternet.com
To: europa-list(at)matronics.com
Subject: Re: What's up with the cost of 914?
--> Europa-List message posted by: Graham Singleton <grahamsingleton(at)btinternet.com>
Paul
Your real experience is worth a lot more than 2 cents.
Graham
Paul McAllister wrote:
I typically fly 2 legs of 400 nm in the 8000 ~ 12,000'
> feet range. At this altitude I see 148 knots TAS with a fuel burn of
> 5.1 ~ 5.3 US gallons per hour.
>
> Just my 2 cents worth.
>
> Paul
>
==
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Make every IM count. Download Windows Live Messenger and join the i’m Initiative now. It’s free. Make it count! [quote][b]
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ptag.dev(at)tiscali.co.uk Guest
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Posted: Tue Jun 05, 2007 3:08 pm Post subject: What's up with the cost of 914? |
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Hey! Paul /Graham all
If anyone knows about costs of 914 it’s me ! Just settled up for one and a new Woodcomp prop.!
BTW Paul HP is irrelevant master of all things is the TORQUE output at the end of the shaft the prop fits to!
And the rate of fuel expenditure !
Looking forward to some real comparison flying or proving all my fellow fliers have been bullshitting me !
Regards
Bob H G-PTAG
Robt.C.Harrison
-----Original Message-----
From: owner-europa-list-server(at)matronics.com [mailto:owner-europa-list-server(at)matronics.com] On Behalf Of Paul McAllister
Sent: 05 June 2007 23:37
To: europa-list(at)matronics.com
Subject: RE: What's up with the cost of 914?
930 lb for a typical mono ? Well perhaps.
3 years ago I took the weight of 19 completed XS 914T Mono Europa's with CS props and came up with an average of 865 lbs. Mine came in at 860 lbs and with what I know now I believe I could build it 20 lb lighter.
With that all said, your correct, all the HP you can muster during the take off phase is highly desirable.
At the risk of sparking a debate, I found the 914 to be a game changer for the aircrafts performance, but, I state this in the context of my mission profile. I typically fly 2 legs of 400 nm in the 8000 ~ 12,000' feet range. At this altitude I see 148 knots TAS with a fuel burn of 5.1 ~ 5.3 US gallons per hour.
Just my 2 cents worth.
Paul
N378PJ
617 hours and still grinning
[quote]
--
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paul.mcallister
Joined: 09 Jan 2006 Posts: 177 Location: Waukesha, WI USA
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paul.mcallister
Joined: 09 Jan 2006 Posts: 177 Location: Waukesha, WI USA
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Posted: Tue Jun 05, 2007 6:58 pm Post subject: What's up with the cost of 914? |
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Bob,
I am indeed curious to see how the 914 compares to the Jab 3300. I suspect that at low altitude that they will be similar, but the Jab will be smoother.
Correct me if I am wrong, but I am led to believe that in the UK you don't have to oportunity to operate in the 8,000 ~ 12,000 feet range as much as we do in the US, is that correct? This is where you start to see the 914 shine.
I await with interest to see what your real world experiences are.
Paul
[quote][b]
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nwcmc(at)tiscali.co.uk Guest
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Posted: Tue Jun 05, 2007 9:49 pm Post subject: What's up with the cost of 914? |
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It will be particularly interesting to see how Bob’s change from the Jabiru to the Rotax affects the performance and fuel economy of his aircraft. I think it is the first time we will have such a conversion. My guess is that the numbers will improve. The use of a gearbox and liquid cooling should both contribute to better numbers. The Jabiru can only produce full power at speeds over 3000rpm which is not good efficiency for the prop. Air cooling (as proved by the automobile industry) is definitely less efficient than liquid cooling. All this should translate into better range and/or payload.
Nigel Charles
-----Original Message-----
From: owner-europa-list-server(at)matronics.com [mailto:owner-europa-list-server(at)matronics.com] On Behalf Of R.C.Harrison
Sent: 06 June 2007 00:08
To: europa-list(at)matronics.com
Subject: RE: What's up with the cost of 914?
Hey! Paul /Graham all
If anyone knows about costs of 914 it’s me ! Just settled up for one and a new Woodcomp prop.!
BTW Paul HP is irrelevant master of all things is the TORQUE output at the end of the shaft the prop fits to!
And the rate of fuel expenditure !
Looking forward to some real comparison flying or proving all my fellow fliers have been bullshitting me !
Regards
Bob H G-PTAG
Robt.C.Harrison
-----Original Message-----
From: owner-europa-list-server(at)matronics.com [mailto:owner-europa-list-server(at)matronics.com] On Behalf Of Paul McAllister
Sent: 05 June 2007 23:37
To: europa-list(at)matronics.com
Subject: RE: What's up with the cost of 914?
930 lb for a typical mono ? Well perhaps.
3 years ago I took the weight of 19 completed XS 914T Mono Europa's with CS props and came up with an average of 865 lbs. Mine came in at 860 lbs and with what I know now I believe I could build it 20 lb lighter.
With that all said, your correct, all the HP you can muster during the take off phase is highly desirable.
At the risk of sparking a debate, I found the 914 to be a game changer for the aircrafts performance, but, I state this in the context of my mission profile. I typically fly 2 legs of 400 nm in the 8000 ~ 12,000' feet range. At this altitude I see 148 knots TAS with a fuel burn of 5.1 ~ 5.3 US gallons per hour.
Just my 2 cents worth.
Paul
N378PJ
617 hours and still grinning
[quote]
--
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josok-e(at)ukolo.fi Guest
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Posted: Tue Jun 05, 2007 11:27 pm Post subject: What's up with the cost of 914? |
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Hi Paul,
Number 20 for you: Mine came in at 904 lbs. 914, Woodcomp CS, and the
error was leather upholstery. Need some insolation here! Although at the
moment, with 27 C it's too hot for taxi testing
What rpm and map are you reading at that speed and alitude?
Regards,
Jos Okhuijsen
http://www.europaowners.org/kit600
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grahamsingleton(at)btinte Guest
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Posted: Wed Jun 06, 2007 3:08 am Post subject: What's up with the cost of 914? |
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Jos
you need to copy Pauls radiator ducting, make sure no air can get round
the sides of the radiators and that the wide part of the prop blades
passes over the inlet {{
Graham
Jos Okhuijsen wrote:
Quote: |
Hi Paul,
Number 20 for you: Mine came in at 904 lbs. 914, Woodcomp CS, and the
error was leather upholstery. Need some insolation here! Although at
the moment, with 27 C it's too hot for taxi testing
What rpm and map are you reading at that speed and alitude?
Regards,
Jos Okhuijsen
http://www.europaowners.org/kit600
|
--
Graham Singleton
Tel: +441629820187
Mob: +447739582005
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Gary.Leinberger(at)miller Guest
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Posted: Wed Jun 06, 2007 8:18 am Post subject: What's up with the cost of 914? |
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I think the European builders (and those Americans that have worked so hard to keep their weight down) should realize that us red white and blue American builders have heavier planes due to the need for power steering, power brakes, air conditioning and the 6 disc CD players (plus of course the fridge to keep diet cokes in) that are standard on all American Europas - obviously, as Glenn has pointed out, the correct answer to extra weight is the American hot rod approach - there is no substitute for cubic inches and extra horsepower -
Tongue in Cheek
Gary Leinberger
A237
Almost ready to put the cockpit module in.
From: owner-europa-list-server(at)matronics.com [mailto:owner-europa-list-server(at)matronics.com] On Behalf Of nigel charles
Sent: Wednesday, June 06, 2007 1:48 AM
To: europa-list(at)matronics.com
Subject: RE: What's up with the cost of 914?
It will be particularly interesting to see how Bob’s change from the Jabiru to the Rotax affects the performance and fuel economy of his aircraft. I think it is the first time we will have such a conversion. My guess is that the numbers will improve. The use of a gearbox and liquid cooling should both contribute to better numbers. The Jabiru can only produce full power at speeds over 3000rpm which is not good efficiency for the prop. Air cooling (as proved by the automobile industry) is definitely less efficient than liquid cooling. All this should translate into better range and/or payload.
Nigel Charles
-----Original Message-----
From: owner-europa-list-server(at)matronics.com [mailto:owner-europa-list-server(at)matronics.com] On Behalf Of R.C.Harrison
Sent: 06 June 2007 00:08
To: europa-list(at)matronics.com
Subject: RE: What's up with the cost of 914?
Hey! Paul /Graham all
If anyone knows about costs of 914 it’s me ! Just settled up for one and a new Woodcomp prop.!
BTW Paul HP is irrelevant master of all things is the TORQUE output at the end of the shaft the prop fits to!
And the rate of fuel expenditure !
Looking forward to some real comparison flying or proving all my fellow fliers have been bullshitting me !
Regards
Bob H G-PTAG
Robt.C.Harrison
-----Original Message-----
From: owner-europa-list-server(at)matronics.com [mailto:owner-europa-list-server(at)matronics.com] On Behalf Of Paul McAllister
Sent: 05 June 2007 23:37
To: europa-list(at)matronics.com
Subject: RE: What's up with the cost of 914?
930 lb for a typical mono ? Well perhaps.
3 years ago I took the weight of 19 completed XS 914T Mono Europa's with CS props and came up with an average of 865 lbs. Mine came in at 860 lbs and with what I know now I believe I could build it 20 lb lighter.
With that all said, your correct, all the HP you can muster during the take off phase is highly desirable.
At the risk of sparking a debate, I found the 914 to be a game changer for the aircrafts performance, but, I state this in the context of my mission profile. I typically fly 2 legs of 400 nm in the 8000 ~ 12,000' feet range. At this altitude I see 148 knots TAS with a fuel burn of 5.1 ~ 5.3 US gallons per hour.
Just my 2 cents worth.
Paul
N378PJ
617 hours and still grinning
Quote: |
-----Original Message-----
From: owner-europa-list-server(at)matronics.com [mailto:owner-europa-list-server(at)matronics.com]On Behalf Of glenn crowder
Sent: Tuesday, June 05, 2007 9:40 AM
To: europa-list(at)matronics.com
Subject: RE: What's up with the cost of 914?
Well, its been a real easy lander for me, and I fly a mono only on hard runways at high
altitudes. No ground loops, no "issues". Weight is identical to most 914 powered monos with
CS props at 930 lbs. Too much power is just enough! Two up in the summertime the 912S powered LSA's around my field are total dogs at this altitude, barely clearing the power lines at the end of the field!
Glenn - The Europa-List Email Forum - --> http://www.matronics.com/Navigator?Europa-List - NEW MATRONICS WEB FORUMS - --> http://forums.matronics.com | 012345678901234
5 [quote][b]
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gcrowder2
Joined: 09 Jan 2006 Posts: 136 Location: Golden, Colorado USA
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Posted: Wed Jun 06, 2007 8:57 am Post subject: What's up with the cost of 914? |
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You forgot the power ashtrays and cupholders, and vibrating seats!
Glenn
Subject: RE: What's up with the cost of 914?
Date: Wed, 6 Jun 2007 12:16:52 -0400
From: Gary.Leinberger(at)millersville.edu
To: europa-list(at)matronics.com
(at)page Section1 {size:595.3pt 841.9pt;} .ExternalClass EC_P.MsoNormal {font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';} .ExternalClass EC_LI.MsoNormal {font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';} .ExternalClass EC_DIV.MsoNormal {font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';} .ExternalClass EC_A:link {color:blue;text-decoration:underline;text-underline:single;} .ExternalClass EC_SPAN.MsoHyperlink {color:blue;text-decoration:underline;text-underline:single;} .ExternalClass EC_A:visited {color:blue;text-decoration:underline;text-underline:single;} .ExternalClass EC_SPAN.MsoHyperlinkFollowed {color:blue;text-decoration:underline;text-underline:single;} .ExternalClass EC_P.MsoAutoSig {font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';} .ExternalClass EC_LI.MsoAutoSig {font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';} .ExternalClass EC_DIV.MsoAutoSig {font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';} .ExternalClass P {font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';} .ExternalClass PRE {font-size:10pt;font-family:'Courier New';tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;} .ExternalClass EC_SPAN.EmailStyle20 {color:navy;font-family:Arial;} .ExternalClass EC_SPAN.EmailStyle21 {color:navy;font-family:Arial;} .ExternalClass EC_SPAN.SpellE {;} .ExternalClass EC_DIV.Section1 {page:Section1;} [quote] I think the European builders (and those Americans that have worked so hard to keep their weight down) should realize that us red white and blue American builders have heavier planes due to the need for power steering, power brakes, air conditioning and the 6 disc CD players (plus of course the fridge to keep diet cokes in) that are standard on all American Europas - obviously, as Glenn has pointed out, the correct answer to extra weight is the American hot rod approach - there is no substitute for cubic inches and extra horsepower -
Tongue in Cheek
Gary Leinberger
A237
Almost ready to put the cockpit module in.
From: owner-europa-list-server(at)matronics.com [mailto:owner-europa-list-server(at)matronics.com] On Behalf Of nigel charles
Sent: Wednesday, June 06, 2007 1:48 AM
To: europa-list(at)matronics.com
Subject: RE: What's up with the cost of 914?
It will be particularly interesting to see how Bob’s change from the Jabiru to the Rotax affects the performance and fuel economy of his aircraft. I think it is the first time we will have such a conversion. My guess is that the numbers will improve. The use of a gearbox and liquid cooling should both contribute to better numbers. The Jabiru can only produce full power at speeds over 3000rpm which is not good efficiency for the prop. Air cooling (as proved by the automobile industry) is definitely less efficient than liquid cooling. All this should translate into better range and/or payload.
Nigel Charles
--
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kaarsber(at)terra.com.br Guest
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Posted: Wed Jun 06, 2007 9:35 am Post subject: What's up with the cost of 914? |
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I have recently heard of Diesel Air Limited (dair.co.uk) that is said to weigh in at 93 kg- the site looks fine but has ''UKL on application'' under the heading price.
Can anybody enlighten those in the dark about this beast?
Two stroke flat four opposed-pistons, sounds as if could be simple enough to work well- and noo gearbox...cruising at 2000 rpm, reminds me of my old BSA one pot 500cc, (B33) a put per lightpole in fourth gear or so
Alex, kit 529 in wraps waiting for a good engine, instruments, paint and the million other minor things like closing wings and fitting the other flap and aileron.
[quote][b]
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paul.mcallister
Joined: 09 Jan 2006 Posts: 177 Location: Waukesha, WI USA
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Posted: Wed Jun 06, 2007 3:14 pm Post subject: What's up with the cost of 914? |
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Jos,
I took my data from the Europa club files for 914 Mono's about 3 years ago.
I am sure that the sample size is bigger now.
I was disappointed that mine came in at 860, I was hoping for about 840
pounds. Some of the things that I could have done better was to put on less
paint and filler, particularly primer.
The welding cable for the battery in the rear was weighted a lot, I think I
should have used CCA cable.
Another thing I wish I had investigated was the weight difference between
aluminum and rubber fuel lines.
Lastly, I have just put in a glass panel. This took out 6 pounds, but if I
had done it from the beginning the panel would have weighted less.
With that all said, I am not about to build another Europa, or rebuild the
one I have, I am having way too much fun flying it.
To answer your question on power settings. I typically fly at 28" (at) 5000
rpm at around 8~12,000 feet. I see around 146 ~ 152 knots TAS, depending on
the altitude.
I have done one set of calibrations on the glass panel for TAS and I don't
think its all that far off, however my panel will dump out the following
(and more) parameters to a USB stick:
IAS
GPS ground speed
GPS Heading
Magnetic heading
Pitch
VSI
OAT
Pressure altitude
RPM
MAP
Fuel flow
One of these evenings I am going to fly a bunch of circles at different
altitudes and calculate out the TAS for myself to see if what my panel is
saying is correct or not.
Paul
BTW. I saw a reference to taxi testing. I would encourage you to read my
article in the Europa flyer on the topic of flight testing. After my
experiences my recommendation is not to do taxi testing for the mono.
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grahamsingleton(at)btinte Guest
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Posted: Wed Jun 06, 2007 3:46 pm Post subject: What's up with the cost of 914? |
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Jos
Paul is right, don't do any serious taxi testing, unless you still have
a couple of feet of ice on your lake. I guess it's melted by now.
Certainly not on tarmac.
Are you going to make Ivan an offer? (btw I don't think he monitors this
list.) Unless you have a convenient into wind grass runway I don't
recommend you do your own first flight. Otherwise wait till the lake
freezes again and do it on snow.
Paul
have you considered a data logger. My friend Glenn Waters has one in his
amazing Berkut and it's real luxury but we ordinary mortals can't afford
a Pi Systems unit. Shouldn't be too hard for you to do it with a PDA or
Tablet?
Graham
Paul McAllister wrote:
Quote: |
Jos,
BTW. I saw a reference to taxi testing. I would encourage you to read my
article in the Europa flyer on the topic of flight testing. After my
experiences my recommendation is not to do taxi testing for the mono.
|
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grahamsingleton(at)btinte Guest
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Posted: Wed Jun 06, 2007 4:02 pm Post subject: What's up with the cost of 914? |
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Alexander
there is a gearbox. It has two crankshafts which need to be geared
together. It's like the old Junkers Jumo (??) engine of WW2 but
horizontal instead of vertical
Graham
Alexander Kaarsberg wrote:
Quote: | I have recently heard of Diesel Air Limited (dair.co.uk) that is said to
weigh in at 93 kg- the site looks fine but has ''UKL on application''
under the heading price.
Can anybody enlighten those in the dark about this beast?
Two stroke flat four opposed-pistons, sounds as if could be simple
enough to work well- and noo gearbox...cruising at 2000 rpm, reminds me
of my old BSA one pot 500cc, (B33) a put per lightpole in fourth gear or so
Alex, kit 529 in wraps waiting for a good engine, instruments, paint and
the million other minor things like closing wings and fitting the other
flap and aileron.
*
*
|
--
Graham Singleton
Tel: +441629820187
Mob: +447739582005
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asarangan(at)YAHOO.COM Guest
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Posted: Wed Jun 06, 2007 4:56 pm Post subject: What's up with the cost of 914? |
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Paul
I wish there was some general advice on how to build light. At first,
the builder is led to believe that squeegeeing every drop of epoxy is
important, but I am not so sure if that is as important as painting and
instrumentation. Does anyone have data on how much weight is gained
after finishing and painting?
--- Paul McAllister <paul.mcallister(at)qia.net> wrote:
Quote: |
<paul.mcallister(at)qia.net>
Jos,
I took my data from the Europa club files for 914 Mono's about 3
years ago.
I am sure that the sample size is bigger now.
I was disappointed that mine came in at 860, I was hoping for about
840
pounds. Some of the things that I could have done better was to put
on less
paint and filler, particularly primer.
The welding cable for the battery in the rear was weighted a lot, I
think I
should have used CCA cable.
Another thing I wish I had investigated was the weight difference
between
aluminum and rubber fuel lines.
Lastly, I have just put in a glass panel. This took out 6 pounds,
but if I
had done it from the beginning the panel would have weighted less.
With that all said, I am not about to build another Europa, or
rebuild the
one I have, I am having way too much fun flying it.
To answer your question on power settings. I typically fly at 28" (at)
5000
rpm at around 8~12,000 feet. I see around 146 ~ 152 knots TAS,
depending on
the altitude.
I have done one set of calibrations on the glass panel for TAS and I
don't
think its all that far off, however my panel will dump out the
following
(and more) parameters to a USB stick:
IAS
GPS ground speed
GPS Heading
Magnetic heading
Pitch
VSI
OAT
Pressure altitude
RPM
MAP
Fuel flow
One of these evenings I am going to fly a bunch of circles at
different
altitudes and calculate out the TAS for myself to see if what my
panel is
saying is correct or not.
Paul
BTW. I saw a reference to taxi testing. I would encourage you to
read my
article in the Europa flyer on the topic of flight testing. After my
experiences my recommendation is not to do taxi testing for the mono.
|
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paul.mcallister
Joined: 09 Jan 2006 Posts: 177 Location: Waukesha, WI USA
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Posted: Wed Jun 06, 2007 7:02 pm Post subject: What's up with the cost of 914? |
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Andrew,
I wish I could give you a "one liner" but I can't, although it has been said
that Burt Rutan proposed a test. He said that if you were thinking of
adding something to your aircraft then throw it in the air. If it doesn't
stay there then it probably shouldn't be put on your aircraft.
Seriously though, its a more of a mind set thing. You win the battle by
shaving off grams, not kilograms. Put a 100 grams here, a 100 grams there,
and next thing you have added a kilo or two.
The lightest Europa built was around 730 pounds I believe which was an
amazing achievement. I suspect that the builder just scrutinized absolutely
every thing. The things that add weight are:
- Modifications
- Modifications
- Modifications
- Filler
- Primer
- Paint
- Upholstery
- Constant speed propellers
- Instrumentation
- High redundancy electrical systems.
Some trade offs you choose to have, for example a high redundancy electrical
system (I have one) but, once you talk yourself into one thing its a
slippery slope.
If you want to get specific help, see if you can get a listing of the Europa
weights and contact the builders who have built light aircraft. The
lightest 914 mono I could find was 790 pounds.... I sure wish mine was that
light.
Paul
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paul.mcallister
Joined: 09 Jan 2006 Posts: 177 Location: Waukesha, WI USA
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Posted: Wed Jun 06, 2007 7:06 pm Post subject: What's up with the cost of 914? |
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Graham,
Essential the GRT EFIS has all of the functionality of a data logger. I am
planning on doing some data collection to nail the Vx and Vy speeds. If
this works the way I think it does I reckon I can collect enough data in one
flight to figure it out.
One cool thing you can do is to do collect data during a flight, run it
though a conversion program to strip out the GPS lat/lon data and feed it
into Google Earth. When you play it Google Earth generates an image as
viewed from the cockpit.... really cool stuff.
Paul
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paul.mcallister
Joined: 09 Jan 2006 Posts: 177 Location: Waukesha, WI USA
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Posted: Wed Jun 06, 2007 7:10 pm Post subject: What's up with the cost of 914? |
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Jos,
Please read my article on test flying. Honestly mate, its a really, really
bad idea to test fly your own aircraft, try and avoid it if at all possible.
I spent months trying to find someone to test fly mine and I only did it
myself as a last resort. To this day I still would have preferred not to.
Paul
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josok-e(at)ukolo.fi Guest
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Posted: Wed Jun 06, 2007 10:19 pm Post subject: What's up with the cost of 914? |
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Paul, Graham,
No, i won't certainly do the first flight myself. Ivan has kindly agreed
to do that and bring me on type.
As for taxi testing, i don't do fast testing, and only crawled on tarmac.
At least i know that the Winter ASI is working, it showed 20 knots with a
nice headwind. No reaction of the Dynon yet though.
Weight: No vacuum pump, no steam gauges saves a bit. The factory supplied
filler with epoxy was used, about 2 pounds, of which at least half was
sanded away. About ½ a pound of heavier car filler was used for fine
scratches. The painter did a good job, there is still paint left from a
one gallon batch. Added a generator and a second battery, both small. The
interior however is heavier then i would like it to be. I remember Paul's
speckle paint interior, it was looking good and must be much lighter.
Well, i know an area where i can easely save 20 pounds: my owl pot belly
Regards,
Jos Okhuijsen
--
workshopcam http://www.okhuijsen.org/plane
http://www.europaowners.org/kit600
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Brian Davies
Joined: 10 Jan 2006 Posts: 124 Location: uk
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Posted: Wed Jun 06, 2007 11:19 pm Post subject: What's up with the cost of 914? |
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If you are a member of the Europa Club, you can look in the members only
area and follow the link to the membership list. This includes the weight
of each completed aircraft, together with a basic spec for the aircraft.
Brian Davies membership sec. Europa Club
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raimo.toivio(at)rwm.fi Guest
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Posted: Thu Jun 07, 2007 3:03 am Post subject: What's up with the cost of 914? |
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Hi Jos,
my Dynon is alive when speed is over 30 knots.
They will supply an updated program soon
and after it will be as Winter ASI eq 20 knots.
I got one good advise: IF you do fast taxiing - be prepared for flying
- radio
- transponder
- safety belts
- trim
- baro
- fuel
- engine
- cowlings
- doors
- yourself
and all the other things must be ready to fly.
Regards, Raimo
===========
Raimo M W Toivio
OH-XRT Europa XS Mono #417, test flying
OH-CVK C172 Skyhawk, engine overhauling
OH-BLL Beechcraft C45, w radial engines (grounded)
37500 Lempaala
Finland
tel + 358 3 3753 777
fax + 358 3 3753 100
gsm + 358 40 590 1450
raimo.toivio(at)rwm.fi
www.rwm.fi
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